文章摘要
农业女性化现象及其形成机制分析
An Analysis of the Feminization of Agriculture and Its Formation Mechanism
  
DOI:
中文关键词: 农业女性化  理性选择行为  制度结构  劳动力配置
英文关键词: the feminization of agriculture  rational choice theory  system structure  labour force allocation
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中文摘要:
      作为我国农村较为广泛地存在并在新世纪以来日渐凸显的一种现象或趋势,农业女性化既是众多因素共同发生作用的结果,又将产生复杂而深远的影响。就其形成原因来看,学界大致形成了"社会性别观"、"家庭投资策略观"、"社会结构变迁观"三种代表性观点。通过更为深入的分析发现,农户基于产业效益比较基础上的理性选择行为受到了包括户籍制度与土地政策在内的制度结构的限制,这正是农业女性化形成的深层次原因。家庭劳动力配置决策同样是农户在制度规范约束下的理性选择行为的产物,而"男工女耕"性别分工模式不过是家庭劳动力配置的一种方式,它虽然与农业女性化密切相关,但并不是农业女性化形成的根本原因。
英文摘要:
      As a phenomenon or trend that has widely existed and become more and more obvious in the new century,the feminization of agriculture has resulted from the integrated effects of many factors and it will produce complex and far-reaching impact.On the cause of its formation,the academia has generally formed three representative views,that is "social gender view","family investment strategy view" and "social structure vicissitude view".Through further analysis,it is not difficult to find that the farmer’s rational choice behaviour that is based on the comparison of industrial benefit has been constrained by the system structure that includes the household register system and land policy,which is the deeply seated reason of the agriculture feminization.The decision of family labour force allocation is also the product of the farmer’s rational choice behaviour under the constraints of system criterion,and the gender division,"men working outside and women tilling the farm",is just a way of family labour force allocation,although it has closely related to the feminization of agriculture,but not the fundamental reason for the forming of agriculture feminization.
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