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约根森难题与真值语义学 |
Jrgensens Dilemma and Truth-value Semantics |
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DOI: |
中文关键词: 约根森难题 道义推理 逻辑有效性 逻辑后承 |
英文关键词: Jrgensen dilemma deontic inference logical validity logical consequence |
基金项目:中国人民大学科学研究基金课题(10XNJ022) |
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中文摘要: |
约根森难题意味着,一方面规范语句不能作为逻辑推理的前提或结论;而
另外一方面,很多包含规范语句的道义推理在直觉上是正确的。真值语义学试图通过假定规范语句可以有真假来评价道义推理的有效性。这种方案的问题在于它没有解决这个难题,而是绕过了它。约根森难题的解决需要一种比真值语义学更为一般的逻辑后承概念,它否认逻辑必须依赖于真概念。 |
英文摘要: |
Jrgensens dilemma means that ought-sentences cannot play a role as
the premise or conclusion of a logical inference, for they are unable
to be true or false, on one hand; and many inferences taking ought-
sentences as premise or conclusion are intuitively correct on the other
hand. The truth-value semantic solutions try to evaluate the validity
of the deontic inferences, by supposing that ought-sentences can also
be true or false. These solutions do not remove the dilemma but only
circumvent it. A more general concept of logical consequence than the
truth-value semantic one should be needed for solving the Jrgensen
dilemma, which denies that logic must depend on the concept of truth. |
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