Mao Zedongs theoretical contributions to the people subject thought of historical materialism are mainly involved as follows. It makes a scientific annotation to the “people”, the historical category, which has greatly enriched the Marxism connotation of people. It explicitly puts forward the proposition that the people is the driving force to create the history of the world, innovates and develops the basic principles of historical materialism in regard to that the people is the subject of making history. Its the first time to advance that the sole aim of the Party is to serve the people heart and soul. Regarding the people as the most valuable subject and evaluation subject, it insists and develops the axiology of historical materialism regarding the people as the subject. It establishes the mass line of the Party, and reveals the internal connection between Marxism epistemology and the mass line.