Currently,some achievements have been made by researchers on regional balanced development of compulsory education in China,but they are accompanied with some problems.The principal aspects are: the conception of regional balanced development of compulsory education was not clear;the rationale of it was incomprehensible;its necessity and feasibility were not demonstrated profoundly;the major and minor factors affecting balanced development were not clarified;and the main countermeasures promoting an balanced development of compulsory education were not identified.