Mao Zedongs view of human development has come into being in the great practice of the Chinese revolution and construction. It is an important part of Marxism in China of human development. In addition, all of Mao Zedongs theory and practice is for people and for Chinese peoples liberation, happiness, comprehensive freedom and harmonious development. Thus, it has great theoretical and practical significance to promote the development of contemporary science by in-depth analyzing the source of ideas, the basic characteristics, main contents and contemporary enlightenment of Mao Zedongs view of human development.