As a typical vertical restraint agreement, the effect of resale price maintenance on consumer welfare and social welfare of the current economic theory cannot get a standard answer.Regarding the regulation of RPM, U.S uses the dichotomy of the per se rule and rule of reason. European countries have developed a new legislative institution which combines prohibition with exemption, as well as guidelines regulating the type and condition of exemption. In Chinas resale price maintenance cases, the antimonopoly enforcement authority has the difficult to determine the standard of illegality and is lack of explicit rules of evidence