he effective defense system is an effective means to guarantee the quality of the death penalty in defense. The effective defense system is the core content of effective defense judgment criteria and ineffective defense lawsuit system. Defense of death penalty cases in China lacks of unified criteria of defense, nor there are any procedural sanctions for a lawyer to be of poor quality. The effective defense system has provided the judgment criteria for the defense quality of death penalty cases from the perspectives of building the defense lawyer teams and evaluation of defense quality of death penalty cases. Effective defense system takes the lawyer’s defense behavior as the investigation object of the court, meanwhile in the existing form of judgment, it increases the defense behavior of effective defense invalid lawsuit, and provides procedure relief for the defense quality of death penalty cases.